CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE (CIED) INFECTION- FROM PREVENTION TO TREATMENT

Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection: From an Infection Prevention Perspective

A cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) is indicated for patients with severely reduced ejection fraction or with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Infection related to a CIED is one of the most feared complications of this life-saving device. The rate of CIED infection has been estimated to be between 2 and 25; though evidence shows that this rate continues to rise with increasing e...

Cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections: associated risk factors and prevention.

Infections of cardiovascular implantable electric devices (CIED) are a burden on patients and healthcare systems and should be prevented. The most frequent pathogens are coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus. The most important risk factors for CIED infections are diabetes mellitus, renal and heart failure, corticosteroid use, oral anticoagulation, fever within 24 hours bef...

Cardiovascular implantable electronic device infection: a complication of medical progress.

Morphometric parameters of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) pocket walls observed on device replacement.

BACKGROUND The final stage of a conventional de-novo cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation procedure with transvenous lead insertion involves the formation of a pocket by tissue separation superficial to the pectoralis major muscle in the right or left infraclavicular region, where the device is subsequently placed. Over time, a scar "capsule" forms around the CIED as a resu...

Lead Damage in the First-Year Following Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (Cied) Replacement: Incidence and Costs Based on Device Type.